Political Aspects of Wireless Electricity Essay Example for Free

Political Aspects of Wireless Electricity Essay Its an obvious fact that legislative issues assumes a major job with regards to the presentation of the remote power. A few gatherings are for it, as it can take into account somewhat greener methods of driving gadgets, new openings, and simpler access. In any case, others are against it, considering the to be as a danger to old methods of getting things done, just as a route for individuals to get to power for nothing. Despite the fact that remote transmissions and the possibility of remote power have existed for a long while, the genuine chance of making usable, available remote power is a few seconds ago beginning to turn into a reality. With remote power approaching not too far off, an ever increasing number of legislators, regular citizens, and organizations are starting to remain behind the thought; however that has not generally been the situation. Legislative issues initially started working their way into remote power in 1905, when J. P. Morgan pulled the entirety of his financing from Nikola Tesla’s Wardenclyffe Tower venture when he incorrectly started to accept that it could prompt free power for all (Haliburton, 2006). It is that equivalent kind of reasoning that has assisted with keeping remote power out of the standard for such a long time. Notwithstanding, data and general information about remote power has made significant progress, and that sort of reasoning is rapidly vanishing. With the ongoing flood of ecological and money related mindfulness, individuals are rapidly starting to float towards the possibility of remote power. Indeed, even force organizations are getting behind the thought, seeing an approach to extend their business. Despite the fact that the possibility of remote power has quite recently started to reappear, it will immediately turn into a hot political subject, similarly as different types of elective vitality have. The inquiry is this: Will the overall population and lawmakers keep on floating towards this new idea? Furthermore, on the off chance that they do, to what extent will it be until remote power turns into the standard?

Nelson Mandela a Transformation Leader

Nelson Mandela A Transformation Leader This week we are approached to talk about an unmistakable pioneer that we appreciate, Nelson Mandela was a simple decision for me. A viable pioneer as per the content is â€Å"someone who works with, propels, and causes devotees to accomplish their basic authoritative goals† (Weiss, 2011, p. 234). This definition is valid for Mandela and his transformational initiative style has affected his devotees and the individuals around him. I think he is a transformational pioneer that numerous pioneers ought to rouse to turn out to be more like.Mandela utilized his moral, charming, position to motivate his country to change and embodies transformational initiative. The four attributes of a transformational pioneer, alongside different qualities like mystique, morals, and being a worker are completely exemplified in the authority of Mandela and make him a genuine motivation. A transformational pioneer as indicated by the content â€Å"influence, rouse move and hitherto change adherents to accomplish authoritative objectives past their self interest’(Weiss, 2011, p. 1). Nelson Mandela liberated South Africa from the arrangement of bigotry and savage partiality to support the entire country. He frequently said that â€Å"Courage isn't the nonattendance of fearâ€it's moving others to move past it†(Stengel, 2008, standard. 5). This is one of the significant segments of a transformational pioneer, the capacity to motivate others. He utilized his moving inspiration to center endeavors and join the whole country. Nelson went through his time on earth being the good example he needed others to follow.When he escaped prison he incorporated the individuals he scorned, for example, his guards and the individuals that detained him in his bureau since he knows the significance of hoisting others. One article expressed that Mandela did this on the grounds that â€Å" authority isn't tied in with helping the individuals who as of now love you to cherish you more †it’s about persuading the individuals who question you that you can be trusted† (Barling, 2010, p. 3). This is the case of admired impact that Mandela used to be a transformational pioneer. He likewise gave individualized thought to the individuals that he leads.Mandela was a very involved pioneer, he set aside the effort to gain proficiency with the Afrikaans language so he could speak with them. As per Stengel â€Å" By communicating in his rivals' language, he may comprehend their qualities and shortcomings and plan strategies as needs be. However, he would likewise be charming himself with his enemy† (2008, standard. 18). Nelson would go to memorial services and call individuals on there birthday celebrations. In utilizing the individual methodology with his adherents he showed the attributes of individualized thought in transformational leadership.He additionally has the last trait of a transformational pion eer, scholarly reenactment. Mandela helped individuals even while he was detain. He urged different detainees to instruct themselves. He likewise assisted with pushing the opportunity contract. Mandela shared his insight and keeping in mind that he was in jail he would likewise utilize his instruction as a legal counselor to assist the corrections officers with their lawful issues. Mandela utilized his administration style to carry changes to his nation even to the detriment of his opportunity. Mandela additionally shows the characteristics of a worker leader.From the earliest reference point he had one objective of joining both white and dark Africans to benefit the country, Nelson’s essential objective was helping other people. He additionally was a decent audience and would regularly be the last one to talk in meetings he had with his bureau, he realized that letting others think they were driving was frequently the most ideal approach. He propelled others through trust wh en he permitted similar individuals that detained him to be a piece of his administration. He progressed in the direction of plausible objectives and when he understood it was not practical he let it go.For model Nelson needed to change the democratic age to fourteen yet when he understood that he didn't have bolster he let the issue go realizing it would simply be an exercise in futility. Mandela consistently helped individuals, even in prison he helped superintendents and different detainees. Nelson utilized his insight to help individuals and anticipated nothing consequently. Another extraordinary trademark was he is real, what you see is the thing that you get. Nelson Mandel is a transformational pioneer with moral, appealling, and hireling qualities that helped change a country with an initiative style that was benevolent and committed.He is the case of a pioneer that I would endeavor to resemble. Having a charming, moral picture has helped him arrive at objectives that others thought would not be conceivable. I would endeavor to be as motivating as he has been in a portion of the predicament he has confronted. I feel that he shows how positive a transformational pioneer can be for a nation. References Barling, J. (2010) Transformational Leadership. Recovered from http://www. iedp. com/Pages/DocumentManager/Transformational%20Leadership%20by%

50 Must-Reads Books About LGBTQ History for Pride Month

50 Must-Reads Books About LGBTQ History for Pride Month Back in February, a story broke from popular UK magazine Attitude entitled, Young Queer People Shouldn’t Be Obliged to Care About LGBT History”. The article, by Dylan Jones, argues that queer kids are now “treated in much the same way as other kids”, they have out and proud queer role models, and are entering into a much more accepting world than those that came before them. Therefore, they should be allowed to be “carefree” and not hold the burden that older generations doâ€"the burden of friends and lovers lost to the AIDS crisis, the struggle of fighting for equal rights, the staggering numbers of LGBTQ+ suicides and substance abuse, the shame and abuse suffered as a result of what remains a predominantly heteronormative society. And while it’s true that things have gotten betterâ€"if you go to a Pride parade, it is more of a celebration than a protest as it used to beâ€"the fact remains that being queer comes with hardship. This is not to say that kids shouldn’t be allowed to be carefree, because they absolutely should, and we should find joy in the safety of acceptance. But the LGBTQ+ history is as essential to understanding society and ourselves as any other history, and it continues to be erased and silenced. Even now, the current American president has declined to recognize June as Pride Month, as it has been in the past. Queer people still face a unique threat of violence, with the massacre at Pulse nightclub still looming in recent history, and hate-related homocides increasing by 82% from 2016 to 2017. These numbers only increase when we talk about queer people of color and transgender people. When we know this to be true, how can we ignore the significance of queer history? How can we appreciate what we have without knowing where we came from? The truth is, we’re still celebrating Pride in June, whether 45 likes it or not. And part of Pride is carrying the weight of the queer past, knowing that LGBTQ+ folks have fought to find joy and love over the years and how special and exciting it is that we can find joy and love today. If you’re interested in learning more about queer history, here’s a good place to start. This is by no means a comprehensive list of books, as the history of LGBTQ+ people is intrinsically interwoven with, well, everythingâ€"but feeling connected to our past helps us connect to each other now. We celebrate not only the freedom we have found, but the work it took to get there. GENERAL A Queer History of the United States by Michael Bronski A Queer History of the United States  is more than a who’s who of queer history: it is a book that radically challenges how we understand American history. Drawing upon primary-source documents, literature, and cultural histories, scholar and activist Michael Bronski charts the breadth of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender history, from 1492 to the 1990s. A Desired Past: A Short History of Same-Sex Love in America by Leila J. Rupp With this book, Leila J. Rupp accomplishes what few scholars have even attempted: she combines a vast array of scholarship on supposedly discrete episodes in American history into an entertaining and entirely readable story of same-sex desire across the country and the centuries. Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past by Martin Bauml Duberman, Martha Vicinus, George Chauncey This richly revealing anthology brings together for the first time the vital new scholarly studies now lifting the veil from the gay and lesbian past. Such notable researchers as John Boswell, Shari Benstock, Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, Jeffrey Weeks and John D’Emilio illuminate gay and lesbian life as it evolved in places as diverse as the Athens of Plato, Renaissance Italy, Victorian London, jazz Age Harlem, Revolutionary Russia, Nazi Germany, Castro’s Cuba, post-World War II San Franciscoâ€"and peoples as varied as South African black miners, American Indians, Chinese courtiers, Japanese samurai, English schoolboys and girls, and urban working women. Gender and sexuality, repression and resistance, deviance and acceptance, identity and communityâ€"all are given a context in this fascinating work. Out for Good: The Struggle to Build a Gay Rights Movement in America by Dudley Clendinen Writing about events within living memory is one of the hardest tasks for a historianâ€"there is too much information, too many perspectives. The authors of  Out for Good, both writers for the  New York Times, not only drew on extensive archival records but conducted nearly 700 interviews with the founders and opponents of the early gay rights movement. That they have been able to shape this unruly material into a convincing narrative is impressive enoughâ€"yet they have also managed to write one of the most dramatic and beautifully structured histories in recent years. Starting with the almost accidental Stonewall riots in 1969 and shifting between key cities and events, they track what they describe as the last great struggle for equal rights in American history. For homophile activists of the 1950s and early 1960s, that struggle had been about being left alone by police and politicians, but for those gathering to protest Stonewall, it was about defining themselves to society as ga y men and lesbians. While there are many memoirs and smaller studies of the era, no other book so graciously spans the 30-year period covered here. Queer (In)Justice: The Criminalization of LGBT People in the United States by Joey L. Mogul A groundbreaking work that turns a queer eye on the criminal legal system,  Queer (In)Justice  is a searing examination of queer experiencesâ€"as suspects, defendants, prisoners, and survivors of crime. The authors unpack queer criminal archetypesâ€"like gleeful gay killers, lethal lesbians, disease spreaders, and ;deceptive gender bendersâ€"to illustrate the punishment of queer expression, regardless of whether a crime was ever committed. Tracing stories from the streets to the bench to behind prison bars, they prove that the policing of sex and gender both bolsters and reinforces racial and gender inequalities. Queer America: A Peoples GLBT History of the United States by Vicki L. Eaklor Queer America,  provides a decade-by-decade overview of major issues and events in GLBT history including the Harlem Renaissance, changes in military policy, the Stonewall riots, organizations and alliances, AIDS, same-sex marriage, representation in the media, and legal battles. Eaklor brings the steady hand and perspective of an historian to the task of writing a sweeping work of narrative nonfiction that is both meaningful and relevant to all Americans.  Queer America  includes a rich array of visual materials, including sidebars highlighting major debates and vignettes focusing on key individuals. A timeline and further reading sections conclude each chapter; a full bibliography and black-and-white images enhance the text. Queer America is destined to become an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and general readers alike. Queer: A Graphic History by Dr. Meg-John Barker Activist-academic Meg-John Barker and cartoonist Julia Scheele illuminate the histories of queer thought and LGBTQ+ action in this groundbreaking non-fiction graphic novel. A kaleidoscope of characters from the diverse worlds of pop-culture, film, activism and academia guide us on a journey through the ideas, people and events that have shaped ‘queer theory’. From identity politics and gender roles to privilege and exclusion,  Queer  explores how we came to view sex, gender and sexuality in the ways that we do; how these ideas get tangled up with our culture and our understanding of biology, psychology and sexology; and how these views have been disputed and challenged. Sexual Minorities and Politics by Jason Pierceson The political representation and involvement of sexual minorities in the United States has been highly contested and fiercely debated. As recent legislative and judicial victories create inroads towards equality for this growing population, members and advocates of these minorities navigate evolving political and legal systems while continuing to fight against societal and institutional resistance.  Sexual Minorities and Politics  is the first textbook to provide students with an up-to-date, thorough, and comprehensive overview of the historical, political, and legal status of sexual and gender minorities. The Gay Revolution: The Story of the Struggle by Lillian Faderman The Gay Revolution  begins in the 1950s, when gays and lesbians were criminals, psychiatrists saw them as mentally ill, churches saw them as sinners, and society victimized them with hatred. Against this dark backdrop, a few brave people began to fight back, paving the way for the revolutionary changes of the 1960s and beyond. Faderman discusses the protests in the 1960s; the counter reaction of the 1970s and early eighties; the decimated but united community during the AIDS epidemic; and the current hurdles for the right to marriage equality. Unspeakable: The Rise of the Gay and Lesbian Press in America by Rodger Streitmatter Unspeakable documents the major phases in the evolution of the gay and lesbian press while providing a window into the history of the movement, from the era of McCarthyism to the militancy of the 60s and the Stonewall Riots, from the liberality of the 70s to the issue of AIDS in the 80s and the outing of the 90s GAY Gay Voices of the Harlem Renaissance (Blacks in the Diaspora) by A.B. Christa Schwarz This groundbreaking study explores the Harlem Renaissance as a literary phenomenon fundamentally shaped by same-sex-interested men. Christa Schwarz focuses on Countée Cullen, Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, and Richard Bruce Nugent and explores these writers’ sexually dissident or gay literary voices. The portrayals of men-loving men in these writers’ works vary significantly. Schwarz locates in the poetry of Cullen, Hughes, and McKay the employment of contemporary gay code words, deriving from the Greek discourse of homosexuality and from Walt Whitman. By contrast, Nugentâ€"the only out gay Harlem Renaissance artistâ€"portrayed men-loving men without reference to racial concepts or Whitmanesque codes. Schwarz argues for contemporary readings attuned to the complex relation between race, gender, and sexual orientation in Harlem Renaissance writing. Strangers: Homosexual Love in the Nineteenth Century by Graham Robb The nineteenth century was a golden age for those people known variously as sodomites, Uranians, monosexuals, and homosexuals. Long before Stonewall and Gay Pride, there was such a thing as gay culture, and it was recognized throughout Europe and America. Graham Robb, brilliant biographer of Balzac, Hugo, and Rimbaud, examines how homosexuals were treated by society and finds a tale of surprising tolerance. He describes the lives of gay men and women: how they discovered their sexuality and accepted or disguised it; how they came out; how they made contact with like-minded people. The Gay Metropolis: The Landmark History of Gay Life in America by Charles Kaiser New York Times  Notable Book of the Year and winner of a  Lambda Literary Award,  The Gay Metropolis  is a landmark saga of struggle and triumph that was instantly recognized as the most authoritative and substantial work of its kind. Filled with astounding anecdotes and searing tales of heartbreak and transformation, it provides a decade-by-decade account of the rise and acceptance of gay life and identity since the 1940s. From the making of  West Side Story,  the modern Romeo and Juliet tale written and staged by four gay men, to the catastrophic era of AIDS, Charles Kaiser recounts the true history of the gay movement with many never-before-told stories. Filled with dazzling charactersâ€"including Leonard Bernstein, Montgomery Clift, Alfred Hitchcock, and John F. Kennedy, among many othersâ€"this is a vital telling of American history, exciting and uplifting. LESBIAN New Lesbian Studies by Bonnie Zimmerman and Toni McNaron Forty essays arranged in six parts explore the history of lesbian studies as well as its current impact on conceptions of identity and community, teaching, academic disciplines, university practices, and the development of feminist and queer theories. The collection offers stirring personal testimony; multicultural and international perspectives and established and new voices; strategies for integrating lesbian studies into the curriculum; and contributions from lesbians working in libraries, athletic departments, and students services. Throughout, the contributors address the ways in which lesbian studies has transformed and will continue to transform traditional disciplines, practices, and thought. With its multicultural, multidisciplinary breadth and its unique emphasis on theory, practice, and activism,  The New Lesbian Studies  speaks to a broad audience of students, activists, and scholars. Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America by Lillian Faderman As Lillian Faderman writes, there are no constants with regard to lesbianism, except that lesbians prefer women. In this groundbreaking book, she reclaims the history of lesbian life in twentieth-century America, tracing the evolution of lesbian identity and subcultures from early networks to more recent diverse lifestyles. She draws from journals, unpublished manuscripts, songs, media accounts, novels, medical literature, pop culture artifacts, and oral histories by lesbians of all ages and backgrounds, uncovering a narrative of uncommon depth and originality. Sapphistries: A Global History of Love between Women by Leila J. Rupp From the ancient poet Sappho to  tombois  in contemporary Indonesia, women throughout history and around the globe have desired, loved, and had sex with other women. In beautiful prose,  Sapphistries  tells their stories, capturing the multitude of ways that diverse societies have shaped female same-sex sexuality across time and place. Leila J. Rupp reveals how, from the time of the very earliest societies, the possibility of love between women has been known, even when it is feared, ignored, or denied. We hear women in the sex-segregated spaces of convents and harems whispering words of love. We see women beginning to find each other on the streets of London and Amsterdam, in the aristocratic circles of Paris, in the factories of Shanghai. We find women’s desire and love for women meeting the light of day as Japanese schoolgirls fall in love, and lesbian bars and clubs spread from 1920s Berlin to 1950s Buffalo. And we encounter a world of difference in the twenty-first century, as transnational concepts and lesbian identities meet local understandings of how two women might love each other. BISEXUAL A History of Bisexuality by Steven Angelides Why is bisexuality the object of such skepticism? Why do sexologists steer clear of it in their research? Why has bisexuality, in stark contrast to homosexuality, only recently emerged as a nascent political and cultural identity? Bisexuality has been rendered as mostly irrelevant to the history, theory, and politics of sexuality. With  A History of Bisexuality, Steven Angelides explores the reasons why, and invites us to rethink our preconceptions about sexual identity. Retracing the evolution of sexology, and revisiting modern epistemological categories of sexuality in psychoanalysis, gay liberation, social constructionism, queer theory, biology, and human genetics, Angelides argues that bisexuality has historically functioned as the structural other to sexual identity itself, undermining assumptions about heterosexuality and homosexuality.  In a book that will become the center of debate about the nature of sexuality for years to come,  A History of Bisexuality  compels us to reth ink contemporary discourses of sexual theory and politics. Bisexuality and the Eroticism of Everyday Life by Marjorie Garber In this witty, learned, and scrupulously researched book, the author examines bisexuality and its many modes through a variety of critical lenses: cultural, literary, and psychological. Bisexuality is a monumental inquiry into what normal might mean, and just how difficult it is to make claims about sexuality, someone elses or ones own. Bisexuality in the Ancient World by Eva Cantarella In this readable and thought-provoking history of bisexuality in the classical age, Eva Cantarella draws on the full range of sources?from legal texts, inscriptions, and medical documents to poetry and philosophical literature?to reconstruct and compare the bisexual cultures of Athens and Rome. TRANS Second Skins: The Body Narratives of Transsexuality by Jay Prosser Do we need bodies for sex? Is gender in the head or in the body? In  Second Skins  Jay Prosser reveals the powerful drive that leads men and women literally to shed their skins andâ€"in flesh and headâ€"to cross the boundary of sex. Telling their story is not merely an act that comes after the fact, its a force of its own that makes it impossible to forget that stories of identity inhabit autobiographical bodies. In this stunning first extensive study of transsexual autobiography, Jay Prosser examines the exchanges between body and narrative that constitute the phenomenon of transsexuality. Showing how transsexualitys somatic transitions are spurred and enabled by the formal transitions of narrative, Prosser uncovers a narrative tradition for transsexual bodies. Sex change is a plotâ€"and thus appropriately transsexuals make for adept and absorbing authors. In reading the transssexual plot through transsexuals own recounting, Prosser not only gives us a new and more accurate renditio n of transsexuality. His book suggests transsexuality, with its extraordinary conjunctions of body and narrative, as an identity story that transitions across the body/language divide that currently stalls post-structuralist thought. Transgender History by Susan Stryker Covering American transgender history from the mid-twentieth century to today, Transgender History takes a chronological approach to the subject of transgender history, with each chapter covering major movements, writings, and events. Chapters cover the transsexual and transvestite communities in the years following World War II; trans radicalism and social change, which spanned from 1966 with the publication of The Transsexual Phenomenon, and lasted through the early 1970s; the mid-70s to 1990â€"the era of identity politics and the changes witnessed in trans circles through these years; and the gender issues witnessed through the 90s and 00s. Transgender Warriors: Making History from Joan of Arc to Dennis Rodman by Leslie Fienberg In this fascinating, personal journey through history, Leslie Feinberg uncovers persuasive evidence that there have always been people who crossed the cultural boundaries of gender.  Transgender Warriors  is an eye-opening jaunt through the history of gender expression and a powerful testament to the rebellious spirit. INTERSECTIONAL Asegi Stories: Cherokee Queer and Two-Spirit Memory by Qwo-Li Driskill As the first full-length work of scholarship to develop a tribally specific Indigenous Queer or Two-Spirit critique,  Asegi Stories  examines gender and sexuality in Cherokee cultural memory, how they shape the present, and how they can influence the future. The theoretical and methodological underpinnings of  Asegi Stories  derive from activist, artistic, and intellectual genealogies, referred to as dissent lines by Maori scholar Linda Tuhiwai Smith. Driskill intertwines Cherokee and other Indigenous traditions, women of color feminisms, grassroots activisms, queer and Trans studies and politics, rhetoric, Native studies, and decolonial politics. Drawing from oral histories and archival documents in order to articulate Cherokee-centered Two-Spirit critiques, Driskill contributes to the larger intertribal movements for social justice. Sexual Futures, Queer Gestures, and Other Latina Longings  by Juana Maria Rodriguez Centered on the sexuality of racialized queer female subjects, the book’s varied archiveâ€"which includes burlesque border crossings, daddy play, pornography, sodomy laws, and sovereignty claimsâ€"seeks to bring to the fore alternative sexual practices and machinations that exist outside the sightlines of mainstream cosmopolitan gay male culture. Situating articulations of sexual subjectivity between the interpretive poles of law and performance, Rodríguez argues that forms of agency continually mediate among these various structures of legibilityâ€"the rigid confines of the law and the imaginative possibilities of the performative. She reads the strategies of Puerto Rican activists working toward self-determination alongside sexual performances on stage, in commercial pornography, in multi-media installations, on the dance floor, and in the bedroom. Rodríguez examines not only how projections of racialized sex erupt onto various discursive mediums but also how the confluence of racial and gendered anxieties seeps into the gestures and utterances of sexual acts, kinship structures, and activist practices. Ultimately,  Sexual Futures, Queer Gestures, and Other Latina Longings  reveals ­â€"in lyrical style and explicit detail ­â€"how sex has been deployed in contemporary queer communities in order to radically reconceptualize sexual politics. Black on Both Sides: A Racial History of Trans Identity by C. Riley Snorton Drawing on a deep and varied archive of materialsâ€"early sexological texts, fugitive slave narratives, Afro-modernist literature, sensationalist journalism, Hollywood filmsâ€"Snorton attends to how slavery and the production of racialized gender provided the foundations for an understanding of gender as mutable. In tracing the twinned genealogies of blackness and transness, Snorton follows multiple trajectories, from the medical experiments conducted on enslaved black women by J. Marion Sims, the “father of American gynecology,” to the negation of blackness that makes transnormativity possible. Black Queer Studies: A Critical Anthology by E. Patrick Johnson, Mae G. Henderson Bringing together essays by established and emergent scholars, this collection assesses the strengths and weaknesses of prior work on race and sexuality and highlights the theoretical and political issues at stake in the nascent field of black queer studies. Including work by scholars based in English, film studies, black studies, sociology, history, political science, legal studies, cultural studies, and performance studies, the volume showcases the broadly interdisciplinary nature of the black queer studies project. The contributors consider representations of the black queer body, black queer literature, the pedagogical implications of black queer studies, and the ways that gender and sexuality have been glossed over in black studies and race and class marginalized in queer studies. Whether exploring the closet as a racially loaded metaphor, arguing for the inclusion of diaspora studies in black queer studies, considering how the black lesbian voice that was so expressive in the 1 970s and 1980s is all but inaudible today, or investigating how the social sciences have solidified racial and sexual exclusionary practices, these insightful essays signal an important and necessary expansion of queer studies. Borderlands  /    La Frontera  by Gloria Anzaldua Rooted in Gloria Anzaldúas experience as a Chicana, a lesbian, an activist, and a writer, the essays and poems in this volume profoundly challenged, and continue to challenge, how we think about identity.  Borderlands / La Frontera  remaps our understanding of what a border is, presenting it not as a simple divide between here and there, us and them, but as a psychic, social, and cultural terrain that we inhabit, and that inhabits all of us. Crip Theory: Cultural Signs of Queerness and Disability Robert McRuer Crip Theory  attends to the contemporary cultures of disability and queerness that are coming out all over. Both disability studies and queer theory are centrally concerned with how bodies, pleasures, and identities are represented as normal or as abject, but  Crip Theory  is the first book to analyze thoroughly the ways in which these interdisciplinary fields inform each other. Drawing on feminist theory, African American and Latino/a cultural theories, composition studies, film and television studies, and theories of globalization and counter-globalization, Robert McRuer articulates the central concerns of crip theory and considers how such a critical perspective might impact cultural and historical inquiry in the humanities. Disidentification by Jose Esteban Muñoz José Esteban Muñoz looks at how those outside the racial and sexual mainstream negotiate majority cultureâ€"not by aligning themselves with or against exclusionary works but rather by transforming these works for their own cultural purposes. Muñoz calls this process “disidentification,” and through a study of its workings, he develops a new perspective on minority performance, survival, and activism.  By examining the process of identification in the work of filmmakers, performance artists, ethnographers, Cuban choteo, forms of gay male mass culture (such as pornography), museums, art photography, camp and drag, and television, Muñoz persistently points to the intersecting and short-circuiting of identities and desires that result from misalignments with the cultural and ideological mainstream in contemporary urban America. Queer Indigenous Studies by Qwo-Li Driskill The collection notably engages Indigenous GLBTQ2 movements as alliances that also call for allies beyond their bounds, which the co-editors and contributors model by crossing their varied identities, including Native trans, straight non-Native feminist, Two-Spirit mixed blood, and queer. Rooted in the Indigenous Americas and the Pacific and drawing on disciplines ranging from literature to anthropology, contributors to Queer Indigenous Studies call Indigenous GLBTQ2 movements and allies to center an analysis that critiques the relationship between colonialism and heteropatriarchy. By answering critical turns in Indigenous scholarship that center Indigenous epistemologies and methodologies, contributors join in reshaping Native studies, queer studies, transgender studies, and Indigenous feminisms. Based on the reality that queer Indigenous people experience multilayered oppression that profoundly impacts our safety, health, and survival, this book is at once an imagining and an invita tion to the reader to join in the discussion of decolonizing queer Indigenous research and theory, and by doing so, to partake in allied resistance working toward positive change. Queering the Color Line: Race and the Invention of Homosexuality in American Culture by Siobhan B. Somerville Queering the Color Line  transforms previous understandings of how homosexuality was invented as a category of identity in the United States beginning in the late nineteenth century. Analyzing a range of sources, including sexology texts, early cinema, and African American literature, Siobhan B. Somerville argues that the emerging understanding of homosexuality depended on the context of the black/white “color line,” the dominant system of racial distinction during this period. This book thus critiques and revises tendencies to treat race and sexuality as unrelated categories of analysis, showing instead that race has historically been central to the cultural production of homosexuality. QUEER THEORY TEXTS Cruising Utopia by Jose Esteban Muñoz José Esteban Muñoz recalls the queer past for guidance in presaging its future. He considers the work of seminal artists and writers such as Andy Warhol, LeRoi Jones, Frank O’Hara, Ray Johnson, Fred Herko, Samuel Delany, and Elizabeth Bishop, alongside contemporary performance and visual artists like Dynasty Handbag, My Barbarian, Luke Dowd, Tony Just, and Kevin McCarty in order to decipher the anticipatory illumination of art and its uncanny ability to open windows to the future. In a startling repudiation of what the LGBT movement has held dear, Muñoz contends that queerness is instead a futurity bound phenomenon, a not yet here that critically engages pragmatic presentism. Part manifesto, part love-letter to the past and the future,  Cruising Utopia  argues that the here and now are not enough and issues an urgent call for the revivification of the queer political imagination. Epistemology of the Closet by Eve Segwick Since the late 1980s, queer studies and theory have become vital to the intellectual and political life of the United States. This has been due, in no small degree, to the influence of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwicks critically acclaimed  Epistemology of the Closet.  Working from classic texts of European and American writersâ€"including Melville, James, Nietzsche, Proust, and Wildeâ€"Sedgwick analyzes a turn-of-the-century historical moment in which sexual orientation became as important a demarcation of personhood as gender had been for centuries. The History of Sexuality by Michel Foucault Foucaults text is one of the cornerstones of modern sexuality theory. While this doesnt focus entirely on queerness, understanding Foucault will inform many further queer theory texts. Michel Foucault offers an iconoclastic exploration of why we feel compelled to continually analyze and discuss sex, and of the social and mental mechanisms of power that cause us to direct the questions of what we are to what our sexuality is. The Trouble with Normal: Sex, Politics and the Ethics of Queer Life by Michael Warner Warner presents a piercing and cogent analysis of the politics of shame and the stigma of sexual identity. He offers an alternative ethical vision that proclaims sex is as varied as the people who have it, and honesty and morality are not limited to those with a marriage license. His powerful indictment of all thats wrong with the trend to normalize will spark heated debate among all readers; gay and straight, liberal and conservative. PERIOD SPECIFIC, STONEWALL THE AIDS EPIDEMIC And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and the AIDS Epidemic by Randy Shilts Shilts expose revealed why AIDS was allowed to spread unchecked during the early 80s while the most trusted institutions ignored or denied the threat. One of the few true modern classics, it changed and framed how AIDS was discussed in the following years. Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War II by Allan Bérubé During World War II, as the United States called on its citizens to serve in unprecedented numbers, the presence of gay Americans in the armed forces increasingly conflicted with the expanding antihomosexual policies and procedures of the military. In  Coming Out Under Fire, Allan Berube examines in depth and detail these social and political confrontationâ€"not as a story of how the military victimized homosexuals, but as a story of how a dynamic power relationship developed between gay citizens and their government, transforming them both. Drawing on GIs wartime letters, extensive interviews with gay veterans, and declassified military documents, Berube thoughtfully constructs a startling history of the two wars gay military men and women foughtâ€"one for America and another as homosexuals within the military. The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government by David K. Johnson The Lavender Scare  masterfully  traces the origins of contemporary sexual politics to Cold War hysteria over national security. Drawing on newly declassified documents and interviews with former government officials, historian David Johnson chronicles how the myth that homosexuals threatened national security determined government policy for decades, ruined thousands of lives, and pushed many to suicide. As Johnson shows, this myth not only outlived McCarthy but, by the 1960s, helped launch a new civil rights struggle. After Silence: A History of AIDS through Its Images by Avram Finkelstein Early in the 1980s AIDS epidemic, six gay activists created one of the most iconic and lasting images that would come to symbolize a movement: a protest poster of a pink triangle with the words Silence = Death. The graphic and the slogan still resonate today, often usedâ€"and misusedâ€"to brand the entire movement. Cofounder of the collective Silence = Death and member of the art collective Gran Fury, Avram Finkelstein tells the story of how his work and other  protest artwork associated with the early years of the pandemic were created. Stonewall: Breaking Out in the Fight for Gay Rights by Ann Bausum In 1969 being gay in the United States was a criminal offense. People went to jail, lost jobs, and were disowned by their families for being gay. There were few safe havens. The Stonewall Inn, a Mafia-run, filthy, overpriced bar in New York City’s Greenwich Village, was one of them. Police raids on gay bars happened regularly in this era. But one hot June night, when cops pounded on the door of the Stonewall, almost nothing went as planned. Tensions were high. The crowd refused to go away. Anger and frustration boiled over. The raid became a riot. The riot became a catalyst. The catalyst triggered an explosive demand for gay rights. A riveting exploration of the Stonewall Riots and the national Gay Rights movement that followed is eye-opening, unflinching, and inspiring. Stonewall: The Riots That Sparked the Gay Revolution by David Carter In 1969, a series of riots over police action against The Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York Citys Greenwich Village, changed the longtime landscape of the homosexual in society literally overnight. Since then the event itself has become the stuff of legend, with relatively little hard information available on the riots themselves. Now, based on hundreds of interviews, an exhaustive search of public and previously sealed files, and over a decade of intensive research into the history and the topic,  Stonewall: The Riots That Sparked the Gay Revolution  brings this singular event to vivid life in this, the definitive story of one of historys most singular events QUEER MEDIA David Bowie Made Me Gay: 100 Years of LGBT Music by Darryl W. Bullock With the advent of recording technology, LGBT messages were for the first time brought to the forefront of popular music.  David Bowie Made Me Gay  uncovers the lives of the people who made these records, and offers a lively canter through the scarcely documented history of LGBT music-makers. Darryl W. Bullock discusses how gay, lesbian, and bisexual performers influenced Jazz and Blues; examines the almost forgotten Pansy Craze in the years between the two World Wars (when many LGBT performers were feted by royalty and Hollywood alike); chronicles the dark years after the depression when gay life was driven deep underground; celebrates the re-emergence of LGBT performers in the post-Stonewall years; and highlights today’s most legendary out-gay pop stars: Elton John, Boy George, Freddie Mercury, and George Michael. Queer Images: A History of Gay and Lesbian Film in America by Harry M. Benshoff Queer Images  surveys a wide variety of films, individuals, and subcultures, including the work of discreetly homosexual filmmakers during Hollywoods Golden Age; classical Hollywoods (failed) attempt to purge sex perversion from films; the development of gay male camp in Hollywood cinema; queer exploitation films and gay physique films; the queerness of 1960s Underground Film practice; independent lesbian documentaries and experimental films; cinematic responses to the AIDS crisis; the rise and impact of New Queer Cinema; the growth of LGBT film festivals; and how contemporary Hollywood deals with queer issues. The Celluloid Closet: Homosexuality in the Movies by Vito Russo By examining the images of homosexuality and gender variance in Hollywood films from the 1920s to the present, Russo traced a history not only of how gay men and lesbians had been erased or demonized in movies but in all of American culture as well. Chronicling the depictions of gay people such as the sissy roles of Edward Everett Horton and Franklin Pangborn in 1930s comedies or predatory lesbians in 1950s dramas (see Lauren Bacall in  Young Man with a Horn  and Barbara Stanwyck in  Walk on the Wild Side), Russo details how homophobic stereotypes have both reflected and perpetrated the oppression of gay people. QUEER ICONS MEMOIRS Becoming a Man: Half a Life Story  by Paul Monette A child of the 1950s from a small New England town, perfect Paul earns straight As and shines in social and literary pursuits, all the while keeping a secretâ€"from himself and the rest of the world. Struggling to be, or at least to imitate, a straight man, through Ivy League halls of privilege and bohemian travels abroad, loveless intimacy and unrequited passion, Paul Monette was haunted, and finally saved, by a dream of the thing Id never even seen: two men in love and laughing.' Boy Erased: A Memoir by Garrad Conley The son of a Baptist pastor and deeply embedded in church life in small town Arkansas, as a young man Garrard Conley was terrified and conflicted about his sexuality. When Garrard was a nineteen-year-old college student, he was outed to his parents, and was forced to make a life-changing decision: either agree to attend a church-supported conversion therapy program that promised to cure him of homosexuality; or risk losing family, friends, and the God he had prayed to every day of his life. Through an institutionalized Twelve-Step Program heavy on Bible study, he was supposed to emerge heterosexual, ex-gay, cleansed of impure urges and stronger in his faith in God for his brush with sin. Instead, even when faced with a harrowing and brutal journey, Garrard found the strength and understanding to break out in search of his true self and forgiveness. Boy Erased is Conleys memoir of his time in a gay conversion program, and the way it impacted his life. Christopher and His Kind: A Memoir, 1929-1939 by Christopher Isherwood Originally published in 1976,  Christopher and His Kind  covers the most memorable ten years in the writers lifeâ€"from 1928, when Christopher Isherwood left England to spend a week in Berlin and decided to stay there indefinitely, to 1939, when he arrived in America.  What most impressed the first readers of this memoir, however, was the candor with which he describes his life in gay Berlin of the 1930s and his struggles to save his companion, a German man named Heinz, from the Nazis. How to Write an Autobiographical Novel by Alexander Chee How to Write an Autobiographical Novel  is the author’s manifesto on the entangling of life, literature, and politics, and how the lessons learned from a life spent reading and writing fiction have changed him. In these essays, he grows from student to teacher, reader to writer, and reckons with his identities as a son, a gay man, a Korean American, an artist, an activist, a lover, and a friend. He examines some of the most formative experiences of his life and the nation’s history, including his father’s death, the AIDS crisis, 9/11, the jobs that supported his writingâ€"Tarot-reading, bookselling, cater-waiting for William F. Buckleyâ€"the writing of his first novel,  Edinburgh,  and the election of Donald Trump. Redefining Realness by Janet Mock With unflinching honesty and moving prose, Janet Mock relays her experiences of growing up young, multiracial, poor, and trans in America, offering readers accessible language while imparting vital insight about the unique challenges and vulnerabilities of a marginalized and misunderstood population The Mayor of Castro Street: The Life and Times of Harvey Milk by Randy Shilts Known as The Mayor of Castro Street even before he was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, Harvey Milks personal and political life is a story full of personal tragedies and political intrigues, assassinations at City Hall, massive riots in the streets, the miscarriage of justice, and the consolidation of gay power and gay hope. Tomorrow Will Be Different: Love, Loss, and the Fight for Trans Equality by Sarah McBride Before she became the first transgender person to speak at a national political convention in 2016 at the age of twenty-six, Sarah McBride struggled with the decision to come outâ€"not just to her family but to the students of American University, where she was serving as student body president. She’d known she was a girl from her earliest memories, but it wasn’t until the Facebook post announcing her truth went viral that she realized just how much impact her story could have on the country. McBrides memoir chronicles her coming out and her life as an activist.

The Reward Of Souls By Dante s The Divine Comedy

The Reward of Souls There are three books in Dante’s The Divine Comedy to illustrate the three worlds. They are Inferno, Purgatory, and Paradise. Throughout all three books of The Divine Comedy, Poetic Justice can be found easily: all souls get what they deserved. In Dante’s description, Inferno has a shape of a funnel with nine circles. The greater the sin, the lower someone is the greater penalty they get after they die. Poetic Justice can be found in the Inferno everywhere. The souls in the Inferno have to be punished because what they have done and what kinds of sins they have. Purgatory is like a mountain and is devided by seven terraces. Each of the terraces represents a sin, and same as in the Inferno, they souls in the Purgatory will suffer what they need to suffer. The difference is Purgatory is for purification, but not for punishment. That is why the souls can go to higher terraces, their sins have washed off as they stay in there. As long as they souls reach the top of the moun tain (Purgatory), they can go to Paradise. There are seven spheres in Paradise. The souls in the higher sphere are nobler. Dante the Pilgrim and his teacher Virgil are the main characthers in both Inferno and Purgatory. However at the end of Purgatory and the whole Paradise, Beatrice appears to be the guide of the Pilgrim instead of Virgil. In Canto XVIII of the first book Inferno, the Pilgrim and Virgil enter the Eighth Circle of the Hell. It consists of ten stone ravines calledShow MoreRelatedDomenico Di Michelino s Divine Comedy1918 Words   |  8 Pagesdi Michelino: Dante’s Divine Comedy Painting Introduction: Domenico di Michelino (1417-1491), an Italian painter and medieval poet was known best for his epic poem, The Divine Comedy, which includes sections representing the three tiers of the Christian afterlife: Purgatory (Purgatorio), Hell (Inferno), and Paradise (Paradiso). This poem was a great work of medieval literature and was considered the greatest work of literature composed in Italian. The Divine Comedy was a Christian visionRead MoreDante Alighieri : An Italian Poet1552 Words   |  7 PagesDante Alighieri was an Italian poet, originally from Florence experienced economic, political and religious disruption that reflected the town’s struggles. Hardship that he encountered, being the death of his mother, his wife Beatrice until his death in exile. Dante took his pain and suffering and turned it into his inspiration for his poetry. The Blacks seized control of Florence and in 1302 Dante and others were exiled. It was during Dante s exile he faced hardship and was fo rced to discontinueRead MoreThe Great Divorce and The Divine Comedy3095 Words   |  13 PagesThe cultural impact of Dante’s Divine Comedy is widely seen through a sundry of literary works, television programs, films and even video games. Yet, one of the most prominent works the Divine Comedy has impacted is C.S. Lewis’s The Great Divorce. Lewis’s book is greatly indebted to Dante’s work, as both try to teach the reader how to achieve salvation. Furthermore, Lewis and Dante’s protagonists discover the path to salvation through choices, and learning what causes one’s refusal of God. Both authorsRead MoreMovement and Stasis in the Divine Comedy Essay2889 Words   |  12 PagesMovement and Stasis : The use of dynamics in the Divine Comedy Movement is a crucial theme of the Divine Comedy. From the outset, we are confronted with the physicality of the lost Dante, wandering in the perilous dark wood. His movement within the strange place is confused and faltering; `Io non so ben ridir comio ventrai. Moreover, it is clear that the physical distress he is experiencing is the visible manifestation of the mental anguish the poet is suffering. The allegory of the imageRead More The Historical Significance of Dantes Divine Comedy Essay2452 Words   |  10 Pagessignificance of Dantes `Divine Comedy Dantes `Divine Comedy, the account of his journey through hell, purgatory and heaven is one of the worlds great poems, and a prime example of a most splendidly realized integration of life with art. More than being merely great poetry, or a chronicle of contemporary events, which it also is, the `Comedy is a study of human nature by a man quite experienced with it. The main argument I will make in this essay is that Dantes `Comedy is chiefly a work ofRead MoreThe View Of The Afterlife Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pageswhere he depicts the underworld referencing to the Greek point of view. But a deeper description of the underworld is given by Dante in his Divine Comedy where he uses Virgil as his guide, from the depths of hell to the Purgatory while Beatrice, Dante’s ideal woman, guides him through heaven. All these time periods shared the idea of the underworld as being a place where souls pay the sins they committed during their lives. Afterlife in Ancient Greece The afterlife in ancient Greece was Known asRead MoreThe Forest in Folk and Fairy-Tales3104 Words   |  13 Pagescultural and psychological symbolism: The ancient trees in dark, uncharted places symbolise the refuge of magic and mystery beyond man’s dominion. They represent the unknowable dangers and challenges of life, a forbidden place that nevertheless yields up reward for the intrepid trespasser, a place where tests integral to personal growth are met and overcome. The fairy tale genre and cautionary folk tales allow children the thrill of experiencing the forest as a zone beyond parental supervision. The fantasy

What Were Ancient Roman Apartments

In the city of ancient Rome, only the wealthy could afford to live in a domus—in this case, house, like a mansion. For most,  Rome apartments—or the back rooms of their ground floor shops—were the affordable alternative, making Rome the first urban, apartment-based society. The Rome apartments were often in buildings called insulae (sg. insula,  literally, island). Some Rome apartments may have been in buildings 7-8 stories high. Lodging houses were diversoria, where residents (hospites or diversitores) lived in cellae rooms. Also Known As:  Cenacula, Insulae, Aediculae (Frier) Roman Apartment Terminology Generally, insula is treated as a synonym for a Roman apartment building, although sometimes it can refer to the Rome apartments themselves or tabernae (shops), etc. The individual apartments in the insula were called cenacula (sg. cenaculum) at least in Imperial records known as the Regionaries. The Latin that seems closest to Rome apartments, cenacula, is formed from the Latin word for a meal, cena, making cenaculum signify a dining area, but the cenacula were for more than dining. Hermansen says the balcony and/or windows of the Rome apartments were major centers of social life in Rome. Upper-story windows (on the buildings outsides) were illegally used for dumping. The Rome apartments may have contained 3 types of rooms: cubicula (bedrooms)exedra (sitting room)medianum corridors facing the street and like the atrium of a domus. Wealth Through Property Romans, including  Cicero, could become wealthy through property. One of the ways property equated with wealth was the income property generated when it was rented out. Slumlord or otherwise, landlords of the Rome apartments could develop the capital needed to enter the Senate and live on the  Palatine Hill. Sources Regionaries-Type Insulae 2: Architectural/Residential Units at Rome, by Glenn R. Storey  American Journal of Archaeology  2002.The Medianum and the Roman Apartment, by G. Hermansen.  Phoenix, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Winter, 1970), pp. 342-347.The Rental Market in Early Imp

Tuition Free Essays

If students were robots they might at least not need ‘rest’. They would continue to work on a novel for days together, learn lessons of mathematics without Intervening subconscious processing of thoughts. The efficiency and effectiveness would have been uninterrupted. We will write a custom essay sample on Tuition or any similar topic only for you Order Now But students need rest, enjoyment, and change of routine. Therefore we cannot easily ignore importance of holiday, which has all the three ingredients. It alleviates anxiety of workload , takes away from hectic environment of office. Holiday is a ‘proper feed’ of mind, gives it proper resting place’, and timeout’. Plot for a great story Is discovered to us during our ‘Idle hours’. It underpins importance of rest and enjoyment for efficient working. A sage has wisely said, † the time that we enjoy wasting, is not wasted. † This is keeping in view the importance of enjoyment and leisurely hours in our life. A holiday is a time for celebration. It can be celebrated in a variety of ways. Students go out for a short trip to various historical places to meet different people, enjoy their cuisine, listen to their folk songs, and legendary tales. Or they may vlslt new institutes, engage in seminars, and discussions and enrich their experiences. Besides that people enjoy playing games, joining health clubs, reading stories, learning new languages and skills going out for dinner with friends and families, watching movies and documentaries. some people get plenty of sleep thinking of rest instead of any work at all. To sum up. I can say that doing a part-time Job does students good. They can get more experience for future job, practice the lesson got from classes and grow up. For the reasons I have mentioned, I am going to seek a job for my self and do it with all my best to grow out of my own ebullient thought and action. How to cite Tuition, Papers

Section 24 of the Charter Canadian Charter

Question: Describe about the Section 24 of the Charter for Canadian Charter. Answer: 1 . Why section 24 of the charter was included Section 24 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms has two subsections. Subsection 1 denotes that anybody, whose rights have been infringed upon, has the privilege of protesting against the identified breaches at a competent court of jurisdiction. Furthermore, the court will have the power and capability of providing appropriate remedies, in the circumstances or based on the issue at hand (Rgimbald Newman, 2013). This is a section that is important because it grants a competent court of jurisdiction the power of a judicial review. This means that the courts have the capability of striking down any policy enacted by the Federal and the Provincial governments, which may result to the breach of an individuals rights and freedoms, in accordance to the Charter and the Bill of Rights (Greene, 2014). In fact, before the enactment of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, provincial leaders were opposed to it, because of the belief that the courts may be used to check their activities and policies they seek to implement (Fudge Jensen, 2016). A good example where section 24 (1) has been used to check the policies of a provincial government; is, Doucet-Boudreu v Nova Scotia, where the court, by applying section 24 ruled that the delay in building school that teach French language, was a breach of section 23 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Mendes Beaulac, 2013). From this ruling, it is possible to denote that section 24 was intended to help the courts to check the excesses of the government, and prevent the passage and implementation of policies that are harmful to people. Additionally, section 24 (2) was introduced for purposes of preventing the admission and use of evidence that has been illegally obtained. This is because the courts will refuse to use the evidence under consideration if it will negatively affect the administration of justice. R v Grant is a Supreme Court case that created the test of identifying whether the evidence before the court is admissible or not. These tests are, the seriousness of infringement of the charter, the impact of the breach, on areas that the charter has protected the interests of the accused and the interest of the society regarding the merits of the case. 2: Case Law: R v. Conway, 2010 SCC 22 The Parties Involved in the Case Appellant: Paul Conway Respondents: Her Majesty the Queen Head of Mental and Addiction Health Center Ontario Review Board Attorney General of Canada British Columbia Review Board Mental Health Legal Committee David Asper Center for Constitutional Rights Criminal Lawyers Association Facts of the Case: Mr Paul Conway was charged in 1983 for raping his aunt while armed with a knife. During trial, he was not found guilty because he pleaded insanity. Therefore, Mr. Conway spent a number of years in mental health facilities that are found in Ontario. Moreover, the Ontario Review Board has been monitoring his case every year, and in 2006, Mr. Conway instituted a legal case, claiming that there was a breach on his Charter rights (Heritage, 2013). The rights breached are under section 2, 7, 8. 9 and 15. Therefore, he was seeking the protection of the Ontario Review Board under section 24 (1) of the Charter. While claiming protection from the board, Mr. Conway argued that his rights were violated because of the poor living condition he was subjected to, environmental pollution and poor treatment. Furthermore, he was threatened by his handlers that they would use physical and chemical methods to restrain him (David, 2014). In making their ruling, the Ontario Review Board denoted that it did not have any jurisdiction to rule on aspects touching on the charter. This was a decision that was upheld at the Ontario Court of Appeal in 2008. However, Mr. Conway appealed the decision at the Supreme Court of Canada. Issue before the Court Whether the Ontario Board of Review has the jurisdiction to provide remedies under section 24 (1) of the Charter, and if it has the jurisdiction, is the appellant entitled to the remedies that he is seeking? The Law Considered in this case The Canadian Charter of Rights section 24 (1) Section 672 of the Criminal Code Decision of the Court The Supreme Court ruled that the Ontario Review Board did not have a jurisdiction to provide an absolute remedy as per s. 24(1) of the act. The Reasoning of the Court In coming up with a decision, the court relied on the following tests, If an administrative tribunal can be classified as a court of competent jurisdiction, and if it has the authority to decide questions of law, and it is not excluded from the charter. If the administrative authority has the power to grant the remedy that is being sought. In applying these tests to the case, the Supreme Court denoted that the ORB is a court of competent jurisdiction as per section 672 of the Criminal Code (Cornell, 2015). However, the ORB does not have the power to provide an absolute remedy in circumstances where the person may be a danger to the safety of the public. In determining whether the ORB has the power to give out the remedy being sought, the Supreme Court applied the test identified in Mill v The Queen. The Courts Interpretation of the Section of the Charter In interpreting section 24 (1) of the charter, the Supreme Court ruled that a court has competent jurisdiction over an issue, if it has jurisdiction over the parties, remedy sought and subject matter that is within the court. 3: The number of times the case has been considered, distinguished and followed. R v Conway is a new common law precedent, and as such, not many courts have relied on the precedent that has been set up by the court to determine their cases. However, two notable cases that have considered the application of the precedents developed in R v Conway are R v Sazant and Dorv. Barreau du Qubec. All these cases were determined in 2012. 4 a). Wether the precedent is considered, followed or distinguished. The most recent case to use the principles established in r v Conway is Dorv.Barreau du Qubec. The court considered and distinguished the application of this law, in determining whether the administrative decisions of Barreau du Qubec were compliant with the Canadian Charter of Freedoms and Rights. It is important to denote that the case of Dore touched on the powers of administrative tribunals to grant remedies, in accordance to the charter (Collins, 2013). On this basis, the judges in the Supreme Court applied the tests developed in r v Conway to determine whether Barreau du Quebec had the power to make the administrative decisions under consideration. b). How the court interpreted the section of the charter While deliberating on this case, the Supreme Court found out that the administrative tribunals have the power to make a decision on issues that pertain to the law, and in accordance to the charter (Bickenbach, 2015). Furthermore, these administrative tribunals have the power to grant remedies, in accordance to the issue that is before their jurisdiction. However, these tribunals are only limited to making a decision based on their scope of expertise, and the decisions must be within the values of the charter. Therefore, the court denoted that the integration of the values of the charter into the administrative approach of the courts, and the recognition of the expertise of these tribunals, helps in ensuring that there is a control and appropriate use of their powers. References Bickenbach, J. E. (2015). The ADA v. the Canadian charter of rights.Americans with Disabilities, 342. Collins, L. M. (2013). An Ecologically Literate Reading of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms,(2009).Windsor Review of Legal and Social Issues,26, 7. Cornell, C. (2015). Succession to the Throne and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.Law Bus. Rev. Am.,21, 193. David, L. (2014). Principled Approach to the Positive/Negative Rights Debate in Canadian Constitutional Adjudication, A.Const. F.,23, 41. Fudge, J., Jensen, H. (2016). The Right to Strike: The Supreme Court of Canada, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Arc of Workplace Justice.King's Law Journal,27(1), 89-109. Greene, I. (2014).The Charter of Rights and Freedoms: 30+ years of decisions that shape Canadian life. James Lorimer Company. Heritage, C. (2013). The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Mendes, E., Beaulac, S. (Eds.). (2013).Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Oliphant, B. J. (2015). Taking purposes seriously: The purposive scope and textual bounds of interpretation under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.University of Toronto Law Journal,65(3), 239-283. Rgimbald, G., Newman, D. G. (2013).The Law of the Canadian Constitution.